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Bombay Presidency
The Bombay Presidency, also known as the Bombay Province and Bombay and Sind from 1843 to 1936, was an administrative subdivision (presidency) of British India. Headquartered in the city of Bombay, at its greatest extent, the presidency included the Konkan, Nashik and Pune divisions of present-day Indian State of Maharashtra, Ahmadabad, Anand, Bharuch, Gandhinagar, Kheda, Panchmahal and Surat districts of present-day Gujarat state, Bagalkot, Belagavi, Bijapur, Dharwad, Gadag, Haveri and Uttara Kannada districts of present-day Karnataka, the Sindh province of present-day Pakistan and the Aden colony which presently forms part of Yemen.
The first British colony in Western India was founded at Surat in 1618. The Bombay Presidency was created when the city of Bombay was obtained by the East India Company from the King of England, Charles II who had in turn acquired it as a part of his dowry from Portugal on his marriage to the Portuguese queen Catherine in 1661. The Presidency was brought under British Parliament control along with other parts of British India through the Pitt's India Act. Major territories acquisitions were made during the Anglo-Maratha Wars when the whole of the Peshwa's dominions and much of the Gaekwad's sphere of influence were annexed to the Bombay Presidency in different stages till 1818. Aden was annexed in 1839 while Sind was annexed by the Company in 1843 after defeating the Talpur dynasty in the Battle of Hyderabad and was made part of the Bombay Presidency.
The Bombay Presidency was first established at Surat in the 17th century as a trading post for the English East India Company, but it later grew to encompass much of western and central India, as well as part of the Arabian Peninsula and areas later included in Pakistan.
At its greatest extent, the Bombay Presidency comprised the present-day state of Gujarat, the western two-thirds of Maharashtra state, including the regions of Konkan, Desh, and Kandesh, and northwestern Karnataka state of India; it also included Pakistan's Sindh Province (1847–1935) and Aden in Yemen (1839–1939). The districts and provinces of the presidency were directly under British rule, while the internal administration of the native or princely states was in the hands of local rulers. The presidency, however, managed the defence of princely states and British relations with them through political agencies. The Bombay Presidency along with the Bengal Presidency and Madras Presidency were the three major centres of British power.
==Origins==
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